Floodlights are a great opportunity to create lighting in your backyard, near shops, in parking lots, and for advertising banners.

You can even make a regular “carrying bag” out of them for household needs.

The floodlights provide a powerful stream of light, are easily mounted on walls, roofs and poles, and there is always the ability to change the angle of the lamp.

Unlike other types of lighting, LED spotlights do not overheat, consume a minimum of electricity and can easily withstand low temperatures. How to connect LED Spotlight to the network yourself, what is needed for this. Step-by-step instruction and diagram.

Typically, lighting fixtures have a cast aluminum body with a glass or plastic diffuser. The direction of the light beam is provided by a system of inclined mirrors or mirror panels made of metal and plastic.

The light-emitting diode (LED) matrix itself is one or a number of semiconductor crystals installed on the board.

The LED matrix does not radiate heat “out”, but can overheat “inside”.

Heat removal from LEDs is one of the main tasks that will affect the service life of the device.

A radiator is provided in the design to remove heat. The temperature is transferred to it through a substrate with thermal paste that provides a minimum of thermal resistance.

For stable and long-term operation, LEDs require a uniform voltage without fluctuations. It is provided by a driver - a “box”, inside of which there is a transformer, a diode bridge, capacitors, zener diodes, etc.

An outdoor floodlight can be equipped with a motion sensor and turn on as needed when someone approaches the lamp.

This addition allows you to significantly save on electricity. In addition, it is very convenient in workplaces and farmsteads, when people’s hands may be busy.

Spotlight disassembled

An automatic switching device can also react to the degree of illumination of the environment, adjust the intensity of its radiation and not turn on when there is sufficient lighting during the day, for example.

LED spotlight connection diagram

How to connect a motion sensor to an LED floodlight? Via a motion sensor, the spotlight is connected as follows:

Inside there is a triple block, with terminals connected to the LED, inside the device.

Wires are inserted through holes in the housing. If the hole is sealed, there will be a rubber washer and a nut on it, which is tightened after the cable is routed:

1. Connect plus to plus respectively (this is usually a red or brown wire, phase, designated “L”).
2. Minus with minus (neutral, indicated by the letter “N” and usually cold tones - blue, dark blue, black).
3. It is imperative to make grounding (the striped wire, most often yellow-green, is designated “RE”).

Two wires are connected to the sensor - plus and minus (if there is ground, then so does it). The negative signal goes directly to the spotlight, it is always on.

The sensor plays the role of a switch we are familiar with (only it closes not manually, but automatically, triggered by heat, sound, movement). Therefore, the plus is supplied to the spotlight only when the sensor is triggered (the terminal on the spotlight is designated by the letter “A”).

If the sensor comes with a spotlight in the same housing, then the terminal box will contain a block of three or four contacts - the designations are the same.

Connection diagram for the SDU-RGB spotlight

There are sensors with adjustments:

• Sensitivity. It can be reduced if false positives become more frequent.
• Photosensitivity. By connecting a photocell (and some sensors come with a built-in photocell), it is achieved that artificial lighting does not turn on during the day.
• Timer Some devices operate according to a time set by the user. That is, after lighting up (triggering), the spotlight will work for a certain time, from 20 seconds. – up to 15 min.

Some floodlight models are supplied with a piece of wire removed, in which case you can connect and check its functionality without disassembling the device. In this case, the contacts are stripped and soldered to long wires. All joints are carefully insulated.

Installation work

The process of installing an LED spotlight begins with choosing a location. When choosing a mounting location, consider:

• Distance from the outlet.
• Full illumination of the required area, free space in front of the lantern so that it is not blocked by trees, buildings, etc.
• The height should be comfortable for people - do not place the spotlight at eye level or below;
• The device must be protected from rain and snow with a canopy.
• There is no need to place the spotlight in a blind pocket where air will not enter; it is advisable to ensure minimal ventilation.

If there is no outlet nearby, a cable is laid from the lighting fixture. With grounding, it must be three-wire and placed in a corrugated or cable duct (these are necessary precautions for working in atmospheric conditions). The wires are secured to the wall with brackets.

For long distances to a free-standing pole, it is better to stretch a cable that is well fixed with guy wires. The power cable is already attached to it.

The process of attaching the spotlight to a wall or pole will not cause any difficulties. The spotlights are equipped with a handle – a bracket with holes for fastening. The device is screwed to the surface, after which a convenient angle of inclination of the lamp is set.

For easy access to the mounting holes, it is better to first unscrew the bracket from the lamp, secure it to a wall or pole, and only then hang the lamp.

Connect to the power supply

• screwdriver;
• pliers;
• sharp knife;
• insulating tape;
• soldering iron;
• wires.

The wire for the LED is also thin (0.5 - 1.5 mm2).

In addition, it is better to select a wire of the same metal as on the device.

If you purchased an inexpensive device, it is better to unwind it and inspect it before using it. Often, wires may not be connected to them (grounding, for example), or there may not be enough thermal paste (it may be dry, coated unevenly and not ensure reliable contact of the board with the heatsink).

Connection diagram of a touch spotlight with a photo relay to a light sensor

The wire is disassembled into cores. The corresponding contacts are selected by color.

The colored shell on both contacts is trimmed with a knife to about 2 - 3 cm.

If wires of similar metal are connected (copper to copper, for example), they are twisted a little and soldered. If for some reason you have to use a wire made of another metal (copper with aluminum, for example), then they need to be connected using special screw terminals.

The connection points of the wires are carefully wrapped with electrical tape.

If you decide to give preference to modern daylight bulbs, you need to know for yourself. This is described in detail in the article.

See types of lighting lamps and their characteristics.

Conclusion

LEDs will sooner or later displace ineffective analogues from the market. They illuminate better than halogen or fluorescent versions, and consume much less energy. A floodlight with a photocell and a motion sensor is an excellent purchase for a private home, corporate lighting, and even for street lamps!

Video on the topic

LED floodlights are becoming a popular lighting equipment for households. Today, these lamps are used inside utility rooms, in courtyards, near personal plots and country houses. They are displacing classic incandescent lamps from the domestic sphere due to their combination of efficiency and environmental friendliness with high lighting efficiency. Due to the special internal device It’s not always possible to connect an LED spotlight to the network correctly the first time alternating voltage 220 V. This article discusses how to connect a diode spotlight and ensure its safe operation.

How does an LED spotlight work?

Manufacturers typically house these devices in aluminum housings with a plastic or glass light diffuser. To transmit the light flux in a certain direction, a traditional system of mirror panels (can be plastic or metal) or inclined mirrors is used.

The source of the glow is an LED matrix, which is one or more semiconductor crystals lined up in a row, placed on a board. Many people know that LED lamps emit a negligible amount of heat to the outside. However, the heat entering the device can be more significant, so there is a risk of overheating of the matrix.

This is especially true for LED spotlights, as they have increased power. That's why important point The work of a diode lamp is to remove heat. For this purpose it is equipped with a radiator. Thermal energy is transferred to it through thermal paste connecting to the substrate.

The service life and quality of the glow of an LED spotlight largely depends on the stability of the power supply. To ensure this, the design includes a driver - this is an electronic device with capacitors, a diode bridge, zener diodes, a transformer and other components necessary to convert the input current to optimal operating parameters.

Additional functions of LED lamps:

• street floodlights are often equipped with sound or motion sensors. They turn on automatically when someone passes nearby. This mode of operation saves more money than it may seem. In addition, it is convenient on farm sites and farmsteads, if you need to turn on the lights, but your hands are busy;
• Installing a photosensitive element in the control circuit allows you to automatically adjust the LED spotlight to the ambient light level.

In both cases, the sensors allow you to configure the response time to the turn-on signal and the operation timer. You can set a delay so that the lamp turns on 5 seconds after the clap, and then goes off exactly 30 seconds later.

How does the spotlight connect to the network?

The scheme for connecting the spotlight to a 220 V network is relatively simple, so the connection can be made even by a person with little experience in electrical installation.

First you need to get to the contacts of the device itself. To do this, you need to unscrew the 4 screws at the back of the device that secure the terminal box cover. Inside there is a triple block, the terminals of which are connected to the light element located inside the spotlight.

The device body has special holes for connecting wires. The sealed holes are closed with a rubber washer and a nut. The latter must be installed after laying the cable to prevent dirt and moisture from getting inside.

How to connect wires:

1. The positive contact is accordingly connected to the positive one. As a rule, it is designated by the letter “L” and has a brown or red color.
2. The negative contact is connected to the negative (neutral), marked with the symbol “N” with a cold color designation (blue, dark blue, black).
3. It is mandatory to connect the ground through the NE wire, which, according to international standards, is colored green and yellow with stripes.

If the spotlight has a motion sensor, then in the circuit it acts as a classic switch. The only difference is that the closing/opening takes place automatically under the control of the corresponding relay. The closing terminal, through which a plus is supplied to the spotlight after the sensor is triggered, is indicated by the symbol “A”.

Connecting an LED spotlight with three wires is a standard option that involves phase, neutral and ground. In cases where the switching sensor is built inside the spotlight housing along with the LED base, its contacts are output to the terminal box. In this case, it has 3-4 contacts, which are marked according to the same rules as described above.

When choosing a place to place an LED spotlight in a local area or utility area, you need to consider:

• distance from the socket or switch (if its use is intended);
• placement height. Spotlights shine very brightly and should be located no lower than head level;
• to extend its service life, the device must be protected from precipitation and mechanical impact;
• the device requires high-quality ventilation, so its installation location should not be a blind pocket or corner;
• To effectively illuminate the area in front of the lamp there should be no trees, buildings or obstructing structures.

As a rule, LED street lights do not have a socket, but a cable.. It must be laid in a cable channel or electrical installation corrugation. It is better to lay a cable with a power cable to remote poles. Installing an LED spotlight on a surface with any slope does not create any difficulties. First, a bracket is installed using dowel nails or screws, and then a lantern is attached to it and the required lighting angle is set.

LED floodlights are widely used to illuminate areas. A significant power spread from 10 W to 200 W allows them to be used on a wide variety of objects, from illuminating a garden path to lighting a car park.

When choosing, it is advisable to pay attention to the housing type marking, it indicates the waterproofing properties of the structure. A housing marked IP 44 is not protected from moisture and is used exclusively indoors, such as a garage. IP 65 is recommended to be placed under a canopy to protect from direct rain, IP 67 can be installed in an open space without any problems, and IP 68 is completely waterproof and can even be placed in swimming pools.

How to connect an LED floodlight to a 220 network

In IP 44 enclosures, the power driver is often located outside the enclosure in a separate box; in IP 65, IP 67, IP 68, the power board is located inside the enclosure and the wires are connected to it through a special nut with a gland - a sealed lead-in.

No special equipment is required to install the wiring; a regular Phillips screwdriver is sufficient. If the wire is far enough from the connection point to the installation site, it is advisable to fix the wire with special plastic brackets to secure the wiring. The stripped wires are connected to the power board inside the spotlight via clamp terminals.

An automatic switching device can also react to the degree of illumination of the environment, adjust the intensity of its radiation and not turn on when there is sufficient lighting during the day, for example.

There are certain connection standards. This was done so that it would be easier for anyone servicing the device to navigate the wiring. The standard connection diagram for an LED spotlight is with three wires: yellow – ground, red (sometimes brown) – phase, blue – zero.

The phase can be found using a regular tester screwdriver with an indicator light in the handle.

How to choose a wire to connect a spotlight

Considering that the power of LED spotlights can differ tens of times, the wires will also be required to be different. For a power of 10-50 W, a stranded copper wire with a cross-section of 1-1.5 mm2 will be sufficient, but for powerful ones it is better to take wiring with a cross-section of 2 mm2. It is necessary to take into account the length of the supply wire. If the distance from the connection point to the light source is more than a hundred meters, the wire will need a larger cross-section; otherwise, due to the voltage drop, the brightness of the LED will decrease.

LED spotlight installation

Unlike conventional incandescent lamps, LED matrices are sensitive to overheating. The area of ​​the light-emitting element is relatively small and generates a lot of heat. Excess heat production is removed exclusively through the surface of the housing, so you should not install it close to the surfaces; leave a 10-15 cm gap for better convection.

How to connect an LED floodlight with a motion sensor

Models with a motion sensor are very popular; you must admit, it is not always comfortable to feel for the switch in complete darkness.

The motion sensor is a special ultrasonic module with a relay. When moving within the range of the “beam”, the relay closes, supplying power. In the sensor itself, you can set a delay time after which the power will turn off in the absence of moving objects. In the pictures you see a motion sensor module and a diagram of how to connect a motion sensor to an LED spotlight.

A regular switch can be mounted parallel to the sensor in case the sensor itself fails.

LED floodlight maintenance

At correct installation, maintaining the integrity of the waterproofing and wiring parameters, the device does not require maintenance.

The appearance of condensation on the inner surface of the glass indicates a violation of the integrity or tightness of the waterproofing gasket. If this situation occurs, turn off the power and remove the front panel. Give it time to dry completely and, after making sure that the rubber seal is intact, assemble the case and connect the power.

The connection diagram for a floodlight based on LEDs will vary depending on the elements of the circuit, for example, if you need to additionally install a motion or light sensor. The process of installing the light source itself of this type is not particularly difficult.

Design features

The design of such a lighting device includes several elements: LED bulbs, bracket, control unit, consisting of a sealed housing, controller and battery or the board that is used in stationary models.

Reliable operation of the device is ensured by a controller that regulates the LED spotlight using time relays and automatic switches that perform a protective function.

Such light sources are controlled in two ways: manually through switching devices, automatically due to the presence of a control unit that responds to changes in light intensity or to the movement of an object within its range.

Provides glow due to design features that recreate the process of recombination of electrons and holes located in the region of the pn junction. The basis for the operation of such light sources is the contact of semiconductors characterized different types conductivity.

Spotlight connection diagram

To insert the power cable into the terminal box, you need to open it by removing the fastening connection. To ensure the tightness of all connections, a gland is provided through which the power cable is routed.

The connection diagram for a 220 V network is as follows:

If you need to connect the unit automatic control in the form of a motion sensor, the following option is used:

If desired, and to increase the level of security on the site, you can also connect an audible siren. The scheme in this case will look like this:

For normal operation of the lighting system, it is necessary to configure the motion sensor in three directions: sensitivity level, photosensitivity and operating time regulator.

Stage-by-stage execution of work

The spotlight can be located in an accessible area, however, most often, to ensure safety, such lighting devices are installed at a sufficient height. Therefore, it is recommended that all connections be made before the device is mounted on the bracket.

Basic actions:

1. Removing the terminal box fastening;
2. Inserting the power cable into the gland and then connecting it to the terminal block;
3. The box lid is closed;
4. The spotlight is mounted on a bracket;
5. The entire structure is installed in the area where the lighting device is planned to be used.

The bracket can be installed at any angle, for which the side screws of the fastenings are loosened in order to be able to adjust the direction of the light.

The process of connecting to the power grid

Connecting the spotlight to the network requires creating safe working conditions. To do this, there must be no phase on the connected cable. The structure is hermetically closed after all elements of the circuit have been connected. It is important to connect the three-core wire correctly, for which you can follow the generally accepted colors: “zero” - blue or black wire; “earth” is almost always yellow-green; “phase” - red or brown color of the wire.

Installation of the spotlight and connection to the 220 V network is carried out using circuit breaker. A sufficient level of safety can be provided by a machine characterized by such a parameter as a protection current that exceeds the power of the light source several times.

Thus, it is quite possible to install and connect the spotlight to the electrical network yourself, if the contractor follows the safety recommendations. A lighting device of this type is installed on a bracket, and with the help of not fully tightened bolted connections it is possible to change the direction of the light beam.

The light source housing is hermetically sealed after installing the cable; in addition, it must be grounded. For this, a separate grounding conductor or a supply cable conductor is used. Since such lighting devices are most often installed outdoors, it is necessary to ensure that the spotlight has a sufficient degree of protection (minimum IP54).

LED products appeared on the market several years ago, becoming a real breakthrough in lighting technology. These versatile, durable and reliable devices are characterized by many other advantages, including high efficiency and versatility.

It's no surprise that people are wondering how to connect an LED floodlight. After all, the devices are used at administrative and industrial facilities, for decorative lighting of summer cottages, gardens and the interior of country houses.

Performing these steps requires a certain level of electrical knowledge. Professional installers do not recommend connecting the lights yourself LED spotlights, since this can lead to problems and complete failure of the soffit. However, if you act carefully and take responsibility at every stage, the result will be positive.

Scope of use

The areas of application of these devices are extensive. They affect the domestic, industrial and commercial spheres of life. When using floodlights for decorative lighting of architectural structures, you should choose a design with a degree of protection against dust and moisture IP65 or higher. In this situation, the operability of the equipment is guaranteed in the temperature range from -45 to +50 degrees. Celsius, resistance to precipitation, including rain and snow. Floodlights are placed at elevated locations and have a service life of more than 50,000 hours.

SDO 5 devices can be used for lighting warehouses and production workshops, due to low energy consumption and low financial costs. The high cost of the products quickly pays off due to cost-effectiveness, since at such facilities they are operated almost around the clock.

Diode floodlights are used to illuminate various open areas with exhibition windows, football fields and other sports grounds. In this case, the choice of power and color temperature is important, which will allow you to avoid shadows cast by objects and accurately convey colors, emphasizing the advantages of the product (in the case of retail displays). The equipment is used to illuminate billboards, allowing you to correctly place accents.

You can often find LED spotlights in theater and cinema concert halls. With their help, effective and controllable lighting is organized.

One of the advantages that has led to the prevalence of LED floodlights all over the world is environmental safety. In case of failure, the device is disposed of as normal waste.

LED floodlight design

Most floodlights of this type are made on the basis of an aluminum body containing glass or plastic reflectors for scattering light or forming narrowly directed light beams. The presence of several inclined mirrors inside the housing or special panels (not necessarily glass) allows you to set the desired direction of the light flux.

The working part of the spotlight is called LED matrix. It consists of one or more semiconductors soldered onto a regular circuit board. Despite the fact that the matrix does not release heat to the outside, it heats up from the inside. The duration of operation of the device depends on how well the heat removal is organized.

For these purposes, special radiators are used. During the heating process, the temperature across the substrate with minimal resistance is transferred to the radiator (the presence of thermal paste is required).

For stable and long-term operation, LEDs require a constant voltage with minimal fluctuations. Responsible for compliance with this requirement additional element– driver (power supply). This small part contains a transformer, diode bridge, capacitor and stabilizers. Can be supplemented with other electrical components.

Motion sensors are often connected to street floodlights, so they only work when necessary, when the sensor detects the approach of a person. The motion sensor is characterized different parameters

, among which are sensitivity and range of action. The first characteristic determines whether the device will respond to the movement of a dog and other small creatures, and the second determines how far a person must be from the spotlight for the light to turn on.

Another innovation in the connection scheme for LED floodlights is an automatic switch. It reacts to the ambient light level and, depending on how dark it is in the room/area, turns on the lighting fixture at a certain power. For example, during the day in sunny weather the spotlight will not turn on at all.

1. Failure to comply with electrical safety rules when installing, connecting and operating lighting devices will lead to unpleasant and tragic consequences.
2. Regardless of whether you are installing the device to a 220 V network or installing a 12 V device powered by a battery, never wet your hands before work. Avoid handling electrical equipment if your hands are wet or sweaty. Never perform any operation on street lighting when it is damp and cloudy outside.
3. Be sure to disconnect the circuit from the power supply to avoid electric shock.
4. Measure the voltage in the network and make sure that its value does not exceed 220 V (small deviations of 5-6% are acceptable).

1. Avoid placing the spotlight close to low-power devices. Try not to use near LED devices
2. any chemicals.
3. Despite the versatility and simplicity of LED products, consider a maintenance and care plan for the product.

Stages of work execution

Work on installing and connecting diode spotlights is divided into three stages: searching for an installation site, preparing tools and materials, and direct connection.

Location determination

Here you need to move “from the end”: determine the area that should be illuminated by the spotlight, and then select the location for its installation so that the luminous flux falls on the desired area. Ideally, you need to make a diagram or draw a sketch. Make sure there are power sources nearby or install wiring. It is important that the existing brackets are securely attached to the wall or selected object.

Spotlights can be attached to the ceiling, supports, walls, and the main condition is the presence of a smooth surface for installation. The installation height depends on the dimensions and power of the product, the illuminated area, etc. It is recommended to mount small floodlights to a maximum height of no more than 16 m. Remember that these are multifunctional devices that allow you to easily set a specific angle of inclination.

Equipment and materials for connecting to the electrical network

During the work process you will need:

• side cutters;
• a stationery knife or a special tool for stripping wires;
• soldering iron with all accessories;
• insulating tape;
• screwdriver.

Connecting an LED spotlight with and without grounding

Read the instructions carefully. If it does not indicate anything about polarity, then you can ignore it when connecting to the network. To connect the spotlight, use flexible copper or any other conductor that is resistant to high temperatures (up to 160 degrees Celsius). There is not always a need for grounding, so you can simply insulate the yellow-green wire well and hide it in the back of the device.

Connecting a device to a particular network depends on the modification. These can be devices operating from a 220 V AC network, or equipment operating from sources direct current at 24 V. V the latter case A regular household current rectifier can be used.

Before installation, inspect the body of the spotlight and make sure there are no visible mechanical damages. Free the terminal block by removing the cover to gain access to the terminals and ground connections. Unscrew the stuffing box and de-energize the room by turning off the power supply from the common distribution panel.

When replacing the spotlight with a new one, you need to throw away the old one, having first removed all the wires from it. It is advisable to select devices for which an identical mounting structure is suitable. Install the cover on an empty space - this element will protect the wires from water.

Place the spotlight, attach the screws and bolts, remove the wires from the box and connect them to the required ones in accordance with the electrical diagram. Using a soldering iron, ensure secure fastening and good contact on the wires. Insulate, hide the connections inside the terminal box and replace the cover by tightening the bolts. Special latches can also be used for these purposes.

Tighten the screws on the floodlight to firmly attach it to the installation location. Apply power and make sure the light fixture is functioning.

Features of connecting an LED spotlight with a motion sensor

The process of connecting the spotlight via a motion sensor requires a slight adjustment to the instructions indicated above. The sequence looks like this:

1. Unfold the spotlight and find the terminal box. Remove the screws to gain access to the triple header with the terminals connected to the LEDs.
2. There are special holes in the device body through which you need to hang the wires. If this hole is sealed, then you will see a rubber seal with a nut. Route the wire and be sure to tighten this nut.
3. Connect "plus" to "plus". Typically, such wires are painted brown or red and are designated L - phase.
4. Connect "minus" with "minus". This is a neutral, which is designated by the letter N and is painted in cooler shades - light blue, black.
5. In almost all cases, grounding is required. Look for a striped wire (usually a mixture of yellow and green) labeled RE.

The motion sensor has at least two wires - “plus” and “minus”. In some cases it is equipped with grounding. Connect the negative cable directly to the spotlight, as it must always be connected to the circuit.

Essentially, you connect the device through a switch that operates automatically rather than manually when motion, heat, or sound is detected. For this reason, a positive value will be supplied to the spotlight only if the sensor is triggered. The desired spotlight terminal will be indicated Latin letter A.

If the sensor is built into the spotlight, then the latter will contain a terminal box with three wires and similar symbols.

Many touch elements support adjustment of basic parameters:

1. Sensitivity. If the percentage is too high false positives, then reduce this value.
2. Photosensitivity. A special photocell registers the illumination and, for example, will prevent the spotlight from turning on during the daytime.
3. Timer – allows you to set the time during which the device will operate after detecting movement, sound or a thermal object. Threshold values ​​vary. The minimum limit is a few seconds, the maximum – up to an hour.

As you can see, installing LED floodlights is as simple as possible. The main thing is to follow the rules and recommendations so as not to violate electrical and fire safety requirements.