We remove the chassis from the plastic case by prying it with a screwdriver or something similar. The chassis comes out hard, because between it and the plastic there is a rubber moisture-proofing gasket laid around the perimeter.

We find a red wire next to the display.

We remove it or snack it.

We put everything back together in reverse order and turn it on.

Now, instead of CH, the letters 0A appear on the screen. This means that the station is in grid A (C) and in the zeros. Switching between zeros and fives is done with one button P by holding it down for a long time.
To switch between grids, you must perform a procedure similar to switching standards in normal mode. Turn off the station, hold down the F button and turn on the station.

The correspondence of the grids to the letters is as follows: A - C, C - B, b - D. Select the desired mesh and confirm your choice with the F button.

In addition, the station's output power increases to 8 watts. This mode Designed for use in a car, as it will drain the battery very quickly. In addition, it is almost impossible to use an open station with your hands, since the increased power begins to cause all sorts of special effects and an ungrounded radio station begins to burn your hands with electric currents high frequency during the transfer!

What connection do we use when engaging in active sports and recreation?

Cellular telephone, not always convenient, does not always work.

Satellite, and in some cases this is the only connection with the “greater land”.

Now about everyday realities.

Someone bought point-and-shoot radios, others snatched something more impressive, some had amateur radio, multi-band stations.

When everyone has the same stations, there are usually no problems, everyone can hear each other. And when the stations are different, how to “make friends” between them. After all, not all people engaged in the same type of activity have the same radio stations.

There can be many situations requiring the construction of different stations:

— You’re skiing and want to build a walkie-talkie with a guide.

— You are traveling in several cars on vacation, in a large group.

— You communicate in the mountains with other groups of climbers.

- If you are in trouble, ask for help.

— Interact with other groups during rescue operations.

Let's first look at what types of radio stations there are.

From simple to complex 😉

"Soapboxes"

“Soapbox” - “soapbox” ®

n so they are done according to transmitter power and frequency.

You've probably noticed that walkie-talkies have different numbers of channels: 69 channels, 22 channels, 8 channels. n with a different number of “subchannels”, remember, subchannels do not exist, in most cases you call this terrible word CTCSS tone or digital DCS noise suppressor. What this is, see the appendix at the end of the material.

There are also different markings on boxes, walkie-talkies, or under batteries: LPD, PMR, FRS/GMRS.

Let's figure out what's here and why.

FRS/GMRS is an American standard for household transmitting devices that operate on frequencies that are not allowed for use by the common man in Russia. It is not possible to use these radios legally.

PMR (“Personal Mobile Radio”), 8 channels are allocated for walkie-talkies with a transmitter output power of no more than 0.5 W. The European standard for household transmitting devices (446.00625-446.09375 MHz) due to the grid step of 6.25 kHz, they are not built with practically anything other than the same PMR standard radios. On amateur radio stations, where there is no 6.25 kHz step, you can build by slightly deviating from the given frequency. Registration of radio stations is not required.

LPD (Low Power Device) can be used freely - no radio station registration is required. They operate in the range 433.075-434.775 MHz. The most successful household radio stations for active time conduction, especially if you bought the “correct” models that can be adjusted to a slightly higher power (up to 3 W), compared to the permitted 0.01 W. There are models with a screw-on antenna; you can replace it with a longer antenna from a professional or amateur radio station, which will greatly increase its receiving and transmitting characteristics.

For a table of frequency correspondence to channel numbers and squelch tones, see the appendix.

P.S. The use of LPD (SRD) radios is not permitted in the following countries: Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Portugal, Luxembourg, Portugal, UK, Spain, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Croatia, Turkey.

There are no such restrictions for PMR radios; you can safely travel abroad and use them freely.

As for FRS/GMRS, this range is prohibited primarily in Russia. 😉

Amateur radio stations.

How not all apples are created equal®

So not every Kenwood is a Kenwood.

(radio amateur wisdom)

Good communication doesn't come cheap. With these words I want to start the story about mid-level equipment.

Chinese KENWOOD TK-K2AT, TH-K2AT and TK-150S range 137-174 MHz, or TK-K4AT, TH-K4AT and TK-450S range 420-470 MHz work with any LPD/FRS/GMRS point-and-shoot cameras price less than 100 $piece. These and others similar devices, are sold quite widely in our country.

BUT! Oh, if you only knew how much I myself don’t like such “buts”. Walkie-talkies in this price range, with the stated characteristics, are a pig in a poke.

Reliability = reliability, durability, maintainability.

It’s precisely the reliability in these kitaKenwoods that is lacking.

How quickly it will stop working is also unknown. This equipment is class, whether you're lucky or unlucky, tested from your own experience.

Kenwood is a good manufacturer of professional equipment at reasonable prices. If your Kenvod kit breaks down, remember Kenwood has nothing to do with it, it has never even seen these stations.

There are so-called “two-bend” radio stations that combine the ranges that interest us, the so-called two-meter range and the 70cm range, they are named so not by chance, this is a display of the wavelength in the name. These are frequencies of 137-174 MHz and 420-470 MHz, the second, as you remember, includes household radios “soap boxes”.

So why do you think the 2-meter range is interesting to us? And in fact, very many.

The first and very important argument is that the rescuers of the Ministry of Emergency Situations work on it.

Secondly, a huge “army” of radio amateurs communicates in this range.

Third, it has good coverage in mountainous and wooded areas; the 70cm range benefits only in dense urban areas.

When engaging in active sports and recreation, it is very foolish to assume that you, your friend or other people around you will not need any outside help. Count on mobile phone It’s not possible everywhere, and you’ve encountered this yourself. Therefore, being able to ask for help in a timely manner can be very important. When arriving in a new area, find out the frequencies of radio stations: guides, voluntary rescue teams and the Ministry of Emergency Situations. For the Ministry of Emergency Situations, this is the usual frequency of 164.450 MHz, but you must find out on your own what frequency the local rescue services’ receivers and their call signs are tuned to.

The calling frequency of radio amateurs (usually 145.500 MHz), all surrounding radio amateurs conduct their communications here, and many have stationary equipment of much higher quality and finely tuned than in the Ministry of Emergency Situations. You understand, some people are so addicted to their hobbies that they are ready to spend a lot of money and all their free time on their hobby in order to achieve good results. It should also be noted that radio amateurs repeatedly received distress signals and transmitted information to rescuers, which is how many lives were saved at different times.

Taking this into account, we can conclude that having a 2-meter range in your walkie-talkie is not superfluous. Radio stations at this level require registration if you are going to use them legally. There is nothing complicated about this, but more on that later.

Yaeski-yaeski.

Yaesu– a well-known brand

among radio amateurs

and is synonymous with high quality

amateur radio stations.

The good combination of price = quality simply forces us to take a closer look at the models of this manufacturer. Here are three models of portable stations that are worth paying special attention to.

YAESU FT-60R

YAESU VX-3R

YAESU VX-6R

All three two-band stations are priced in ascending order.

Briefly about the advantages and disadvantages of these. They are all very similar in their characteristics.

YAESUF.T.-60 R

Pros: Full 5W transmitter power, price, ability to use: lithium, metal hydride and nickel-cadmium branded batteries, ability to operate on batteries. Dustproof, waterproof.

Minus: a bit large and heavy compared to the other two. The headset connector is not very well thought out; you have to press it with a rubber band to keep it from falling out.

YAESUVX-3 R

Pros: Very compact and light, 130g. Dustproof, waterproof.

Cons: Weaker transmitter, no more than 3W. Only lithium brand batteries.

YAESUVX-6 R

Pros: Full 5W transmitter power, compact, average size between FT-60R and VX-3R. In terms of water resistance requirements, the station complies with the JIS-7 standard (immersion to a depth of 1 meter for 30 minutes). Only lithium brand batteries.

The Yaesu VX-120 stands apart; it can be described as “reliable.”

This walkie-talkie has only a two-band range, but its merits are not wide range reception and reliability. Waterproof and shock resistant to military standard MIL STND 810 C/D/E.

Radio Options

The antenna is the best amplifier.

Whatever “cool walkie-talkie” you have

with a bad antenna it doesn't matter.

Antennas.

All antennas that come with radio stations have very weak characteristics due to their broadband. Since we need antennas for very narrow ranges, we can purchase them and gain in communication quality and range.

Yaesu ATU-6B (420-470 MHz) is a good antenna for seventy, if you install it at an LPD station, for example, four hundred Midland, you will benefit greatly in communication quality.

Yaesu /Vertex ATV-6XL Antenna for the range 136-174 MHz, adjusted to the required frequency by trimming. A cutting map is included in the kit.

Cut it to 145 MHz and the second to 164 MHz and get the maximum efficient antennas to these frequencies.

Opek 601HV antenna for two bands 136-174 MHz-420-470 MHz. Has slightly higher gain than a standard antenna. It is a bit flimsy, requires careful handling, and breaks badly at the junction with the reel. Lately the quality has been very unstable. With minor home modifications, it shows slightly better results than standard antennas for the FT-60 or VX-6.

When using radio communications at a considerable distance from each other, the use of antennas tuned exactly to the frequency on which you are working is mandatory, since when using standard multi-band antennas there is a chance of being without communication or receiving only fragments of phrases.

Headsets - PTT

Headsets or also handsfree are very convenient, as they free your hands from the radio station, but you can also quickly receive information transmitted to you.

Push-to-talk is a remote unit on a wire that connects to your walkie-talkie with a microphone, speaker and transmit button. In most cases it also has a headphone jack.

A very convenient thing, regardless of the type of station. The radio can be in an internal pocket (for example, so as not to freeze) or in a backpack, and the push-to-talk button is brought to a convenient place and connected to the station with a twisted wire.

Batteries

There are different types of batteries: lithium, metal hydride and nickel-cadmium. Briefly about the pros and cons of using them in radio stations.

Lithium - have the largest capacity, with a modest battery size. Accordingly, long-lasting energy output. Their disadvantage is that they are very afraid of negative temperatures, they quickly lose tension and the ability to continue working.

Metal hydride batteries have a lower capacity with the same dimensions, and are not as afraid of negative temperatures as lithium ones. They do not have a “memory effect” and can be recharged without waiting for complete discharge. But they have a relatively high self-discharge current. This means that they lose charge when they are simply sitting in storage awaiting use. In one week of storing a charged battery, you will lose somewhere around 20% of the capacity, respectively, 20% of the operating time.

Nickel-cadmium batteries have the lowest capacity of those listed above. They can deliver the highest current. They have a “memory effect” and require complete discharge before new charger. But their advantages are low self-discharge current. Therefore, they still enjoy the attention of operational services.

Battery cassettes

Convenient devices for AA batteries. They can help out a lot when you can’t find an outlet to charge the station.

Disadvantages: due to the many intermediate contacts between the power elements (batteries), micro resistances are obtained that prevent normal current output; the station will not operate at full power and for as long as on a standard battery. Inserting higher-capacity AA batteries there and using it instead of a standard battery is also not profitable due to micro resistances. All connections need to be wired with short (about 10-15mm) and thick wires. Well, that's a completely different story.

Increasing the radio communication range within a group in a given area.

If your area of ​​interest is around a static object (house, lodge, tent camp, etc.), then there you can install a stationary base antenna with good characteristics reception (for example Diamond X-50) and receive to a small portable station connected via an adapter. or install a station with a high transmitter power and a more sensitive receiver, which equals better reception weak signals(for example, a car FT-2800 for “deuce” or FT-7800, FT-8800 for both ranges), but in both cases use thick wires (7-10mm) with a small attenuation coefficient for the range you choose.

If there is such a “base”, but there is no person in it, everyone is scattered around the bush, and it is impossible to shout from one portable station to another due to the range or terrain. You can connect an Echo Repeater (Parrot), which is a small digital tape recorder, with an average of 60 seconds of recording, to the “base” station. connected instead of a push-to-talk switch to the station.

It works very simply, records the voice received on base station, at the end of the reception, switches the station to transmit mode and plays your words on the air. This is heard by you yourself and the correspondent who is not available in direct radio visibility. He answers you and the cycle is repeated the required number of times. The cost of such devices is comparable to the cost of two simple ones or one good point-and-shoot camera.

Frequencies for broadcasting.

2 meters - 144-146 MHz

Here is a small illustration explaining the frequency distribution in the range 144-146 MHz.

Let's start with what frequencies you should NOT work at, say, while skiing or boarding. Do not operate on frequencies that are marked with a color other than green in the labels above. With your negotiations, you can interfere with other broadcast participants, and they, in turn, will interfere with you. Don't make each other uncomfortable.

Where you can, as you probably guessed, at those frequencies marked in green, but there are several caveats. Frequency 145.500 and two frequencies on the right and left are underlined, usually used by radio amateurs to conduct local connections together. Therefore, do not occupy these frequencies either. There remain 25 frequencies in the two-meter range, among which you will definitely be able to choose a free one. Be respectful and polite to everyone on air, and everyone will be polite to you.

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How to choose a car radio?

Installing a radio in a car

There is no space for installing a radio station in a car, truck, or passenger bus. Therefore, connecting a radio station in a car is a procedure that you have to do yourself or contact a specialist. . Many novice users of car radios do not know how the grids of CB radios are switched, so in this article we will describe methods for some well-known radio stations.

Megajet MJ-50
Switching grids is done with the “EMG” button
Central grid "C".
Megajet MJ-100/200/200+

While holding down the A/F button, turn on the radio station with the VOL / OFF knob. The screen will display an “M” symbol to the right of the channel number. Switching between grids is done by pressing the CH9 button.

After switching on again, R\C remains in multigrid mode.

Central grid – M

Megajet MJ-150:

Hold down the 9/19 button for at least 3 seconds.

Central grid – C

Megajet MJ-300 new (NON-volatile memory)

To switch from 40-channel mode to 120-channel mode, you need to turn off the radio station using the VR knob, press the A/F button without releasing it, and turn on the station.

To switch from 40-channel mode to 120-channel mode, you need to turn off the radio station using the VR knob, press the A/F and SC buttons without releasing it, and turn on the station.

To switch grids, use the CH9 button. The central grid is not indicated in any way; when the upper grid is turned on, the symbol “H” appears on the display, when the lower grid is turned on, the symbol “L” appears.

Megajet MJ-333/350

While holding down the A/F button, turn on the radio station with the VOL / OFF knob. To switch grids, use the CH9 button.

Center grid – D

MegaJet MJ-400 / YOSAN JC-2204

Press the A/F button and, without releasing it, turn on the station. When turned on
In 240-channel mode, a symbol from “A” to “F” will appear next to the channel number, indicating the operating grid. To switch grids, use the CH9/M3 button.
Center grid – D

MegaJet MJ-500/550/555/555K

Switching grids is done with the “9/SHT PRI” button . Many novice users of car radios do not know how the grids of CB radios are switched, so in this article we will describe methods for some well-known radio stations.

Megajet MJ-450/ 450T/ 650/ 650T/850

While holding down the A/F button (AM/FM for 850), turn on the radio station with the VOL / OFF knob. To switch grids, use the CH9 button.

Center grid – D

Megajet MJ-600 Turbo. (Old)

With AM/FM and SCAN pressed, turn on the station using the knob.
Center grid - D

Megajet MJ-600 Plus (Old)

While holding down the two buttons “FC” and “ASQ”, turn on the radio station using the VOL / OFF knob. Switching grids is done with the CH9 button.
Center grid - D

Megajet MJ-600/ MJ-600 Plus/600 T/600+ T

GRID SWITCHING TO 240 CHANNELS
While holding down the A/F (am/fm) button, turn on the radio station using the VOL/OFF knob.
Switching grids is done with the CH9 button.
SWITCHING 0\5
MJ-600 - Hold DW/M2 to turn on the radio station. MJ-600 Plus - Hold VR/RB to turn on the radio station.

Center grid - D

Megajet MJ-700.

Switch between 80CH/450CH.
If *) there is no grid E and the rest (switching grids with the BD-EMG button, far right)
then turn off the station, hold down the AM-FM and ASQ-TSQ buttons (the two leftmost ones)
turn on the station, wait for the Beep signal (5-10 seconds), release the buttons.
After this, switch the grids with the BD-EMG button, far right.

IMPORTANT: when changing from 80CH/450CH and back, the remaining settings are reset to FACTORY!
those. everything that you yourself have screwed up with the FUNC key will be reset.

*) Note: in 80CH mode the station does not develop maximum power,
stations of the first batch produce 1-4 W,
stations of the second batch - 8.
So everyone usually goes to 450CH right after purchase.
And whoever hasn’t switched will have a bonus in the form of a station now at 16-18 W
Center grid – D

Megajet MJ-800

Turn on the power while holding the SCH and TOT buttons.
Switching grids is done with the CH9 button.
Center grid - D

MegaJet 3031M

While holding down the two buttons “DW” and “CH9”, turn on the radio station using the VOL / OFF knob. Switching grids is done with the CH9 button.
Center grid - D

MegaJet-3031M Turbo

While pressing the A/F button, turn on the station, switching grids with the Ch9 button.
Central grid - E

Flip through channels, the grid will switch automatically.

Yosan Stealth 5

The grids are switched in a circle by pressing the EMG/-5K – M6 button and are displayed to the right of the channel number. The central reticle is indicated by the letter "C". Pressing the EMG/-5K button once – M6 turns on the “D” grid, then “E”, “A+”, “B+”, etc. The highest frequency grid is “E+”, after it the lowest grid “A-” is turned on, then “B-”, and so on until “E-”, after it the grid “A” is turned on, then “B”, and again the central grid "C".

Yosan Excalibur/Turbo
The grids are cycled through by pressing the EMG-SHIFT button and are displayed to the right of the channel number. The central reticle is indicated by the letter "C". Pressing the EMG-SHIFT button once turns on the “D” grid, then “E”, “A+”, “B+”, etc. The highest frequency grid is “E+”, after it the lowest grid “A-” is turned on, then “B-”, and so on until “E-”, after it the grid “A” is turned on, then “B”, and again the central grid "C".

Yosan Evolution

Switching grids is done with the “Band” button . Many novice users of car radios do not know how the grids of CB radios are switched, so in this article we will describe methods for some well-known radio stations.

Vector VT-27COMFORT HP

While holding down the CH9-CH19-CH15 button, use the Down or Up buttons to select the desired grid (A,B,C,D, etc.).
Central grid - D.

Vector VT-27COMFORT

Hold down the CH9-CH19 button for more than 2 seconds, the station enters selection mode frequency range. Use the Down or Up buttons to select the required grid (A,B,C,D, etc.).
Central grid - D.

VECTOR VT-27 LUX

UP button (Channel switch) on the PTT switch. Each press of the button increases the channel number by 1. Pressing and holding the button for about 3 seconds allows you to quickly increase the channel number in increments of 1. Pressing and holding the button for about 10 seconds switches channel grids (A, B, C, D, E, F, G , H, I, L).

Center grid - D

Switching Vector VT-27LUX to multigrid mode

MODE button.
Pressing this button successively allows you to select the desired function.
This button allows you to select the frequency range of the radio station.
To select the frequency range of a radio station, you need to turn it on and immediately press the MODE button (at the moment all segments of the LCD display are displayed), then use the channel up/down buttons to select the required frequency range.
To exit the frequency range selection mode, you must press the MODE button again.

Frequency range codes I0, I2, DE, D2, EU, CE, SP, FR, UK, PL, SW. The table shows the characteristics of the maximum disclosed frequency standards:

Code What it corresponds to Specification
*EU A*
“European” grid from 1 to 45 channels.
450 channels, AM/FM, 10W

“Russian” grid from 1 to 45 channels.
(frequency ratings end in “0”)
450 channels, AM/FM, 10W

Continuous range: 1 to 45 ch.
"European" grid and "Russian" grid
900 channels, AM/FM, 10W

"Holes": 3, 7, 11, 15, 19 channels. each grid
(frequency ratings end in “5”)
50 channels, AM/FM, 10W

Vector Navigator
Switching grids is done with the “BD/DW” button. Central grid "D".

Vector Radius

Switching grids - hold down the “CH9-CH19-CH15” button, and use the ▼ (Down) or ▲ (Up) buttons to scroll through the grids. Two letters will light up on the indicator - the first indicates the frequency standard (E-European, R-Russian), the second indicates the grid. Central grid "D".

Vector Smart/Smart Turbo

Switching grids - hold down the “EM/B” button, and use the ▼ (Down) or ▲ (Up) buttons to scroll through the grids. Central grid "D".

TTi TCB-551

While pressing the AM/FM key, turn on the radio station. The LCD display shows information about the frequency grid. To change the band, press the Up/Down keys while the frequency grid information flashes on the screen. Press the microphone's PTT key or wait 5 seconds to confirm your selection and return to transmit/receive mode. Central grid "D".

Albrecht 4200

Advanced mode of operation of the radio station - in this mode, ten grids of 40 channels each are available. In this mode, switching between grids is carried out by the “BAND” button located on the PTT button. Central grid "E".

Albrecht 6310

To change the grid (letters A... F) in the RU and PL standards, the following operations must be performed:

1) Press the “AM/FM” button and hold it down until the letter indicating the grid identifier appears on the indicator (this will take about 1-2 seconds), then release the “AM/FM” button.

2) Use the channel selection switching buttons to select the desired grid (letter A . . . F).

3) Press the "AM/FM" button again and hold it pressed until the indicator returns to the operating state - channel number indication.

Switching the radio to multi-grid mode:

Hold down the AM/FM button to turn on the radio station and use the Up and Down buttons to select the desired grid.

Central grid "D".

Optim 270

Revision No. 1. Switch for grids and standards (0/5). The operating position is the switch position in the CH position. To switch d the European frequency grid, you must move the switch to position E. The grid letter and standard will light up on the display. For example, dE. Where d is the grid, and E is the standard, fives. Using the channel switching buttons you can select the desired frequency grid. There are grids from A to F, a total of 6 frequency grids with 40 channels in each grid. And you need to move the switch back to the CH position. Similarly, switching to the Russian frequency grid occurs, zeros, P. For each standard, the grid and channel number are saved.

Revision No. 2 (December 30, 2014) To change the grid, you need to move the mode selector to the BAND position and select the frequency grid using the channel switching buttons. Switching between Europe (5) and Russia (0) is carried out as before.

Central grid "D".

Optim 380

The “BAND” button allows you to switch frequency grids. There are 10 frequency grids in total from A to L. The central grid is "D".

Optim 778

“BAND/TOT” button switches frequency grids . Central grid "D".

Power switching: "A/F/HI" button. In combination with the FUN button, it allows you to switch the output power level. 10/20/50 watts in FM and 10/20 watts in AM.

Optim Apollo

To switch grids, use the “BAND/M1” key. Central grid “D”.

Opening the radio station: To turn on the extended mode, you must - with the radio station turned off, hold down the - F key (on the PTT switch). We turn on the radio. Press and hold the F key until OPEN MODE appears on the PTT display. The radio station is open.

Power switching: “H.L” button. Switches output power radio stations. In HI mode the station delivers about 8 watts of power, and in LO mode about 4 watts.

Optim Pilgrim

The “BAND” button switches frequency grids . Central grid "D".

How to open a radio station? To enable the advanced mode, you must turn off the radio station, then hold down the AM/FM key and turn on the radio station. The 4D icon will then appear on the display. Use the CH+ or CH- keys to select the OP mode and then turn the radio off and on again. As a result, BAND frequency grid switching modes, -5 kHz frequency shift and selection of transmitter output power will be available.

Maycom EM-27D
To switch grids, press button 1, the bottom menu will light up, then button 6 (under the inscription BAND). The station will switch to the grid above. Next, pressing button 6 each time the station switches to the grid above.
You can simply rotate the channel switching knob to go to the next grid.
Center grid - C

Alan 9001
Switching grids and channels - with the Valcoder or the BAND button.

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